Hur hög är inflationen i norge

Price refers to actual retail price of goods and services offered to households. This means prices including indirect taxes, fees and subsidies. Discount and sale prices are registered.

Price reference month defines the time of reference for new weights, updated sample and base prices used for calcultaion in the following year.

Budget shares are proportional to the consumption of a certain good and consumption in total in households. Expenditure shares are obtained from the consumtion in houshold in National Accounts, and fryst vatten used as weights in the CPI.

A Laspeyre price index fryst vatten a price index where the base-period weights remain fixed. A chained Laspeyres price index fryst vatten an index linked bygd Laspeyres indices with different sets of weights. New sets of weights are incorporated into the index every year. A Paasche price index also uses fixed weights but, unlike the Laspeyre price index, the weights are from actual current period. A pure Paasche price index fryst vatten not used in the CPI

A Fisher price index fryst vatten a geometric mean of a Laspeyre and Paasche price index. The Fisher price index fryst vatten used in the CPI for the index of motor vehicles and indices of alcoholic beverages sold through the State wine and liquor monopoly.

ECOICOP (European Classification of individual consumption bygd purpose) fryst vatten a consumer classification developed bygd UN and EUROSTAT. The classification criteria fryst vatten the end purpose of the consumption.

Imputed price fryst vatten a price estimated for a missing price based on other price observations of the same products.

CPI-AE (CPI excluding energy products) fryst vatten an indicator where the price ämne and the vikt of the energy Products (i.e.: electricity, heat energy, liquid and solid fuels tillsammans with motor oil, petrol and diesel) are taken out. Other computations are identical with the computation process of the CPI.

CPI-AEL (CPI excluding electrisity) fryst vatten an indicator where the price ämne and the vikt of the electricity including grid rent fryst vatten excluded. Other computations are identical with the computation process of the CPI.

CPI-AT (CPI adjusted for tax changes) fryst vatten an indicator where the weights and the calculations are identical to the CPI. The CPI-AT fryst vatten also based on actual, observed prices, but those are adjusted for real changes in taxes. The CPI-AT takes into konto the following taxes:

1. Value added tax
2. Alcohol tax
3. Tobacco tax
4. Petrol tax
5. Diesel tax
6. Electricity tax
7. Taxes on mineral products
8. Tax on non-alcoholic beverages
9. Sugar tax
10. Tax on disposable beverage packing
11. Aviation tax - ankomsthall and säkerhet charge
12. Purchase tax on vehicles, vikt tax
13. Purchase tax on vehicles, piston displacement tax
14. Purchase tax on vehicles, motor effect tax

CPI-ATE (CPI adjusted for tax changes and excluding energy products) fryst vatten an indicator that fryst vatten built upon the main components of CPI-AE and CPI-AT.

Seasonal goods are products that are only or to a small extent available at certain times of the year. Examples are fruit, vegetables and certain clothing products. Observed prices are used in årstid while out of årstid the prices are in most cases estimated.

The Harmonized index of consumer prices (HICP)

Euro-zone consists of EU Member States which participate in the Euro Cooperation; Austria, Belgium, Germany, Greece, Spain, France, land i norden, Italy, Ireland, Netherlands, Portugal, Luxembourg, Cyprus, Malta, Slovakia, Slovenia, Estonia, Latvia og Lithuania.

EU - the europeisk Union - consists of the Euro-zone Member States in addition to Denmark, Sweden, Croatia, Romania, Poland, Bulgaria, Hungary and Czech Republic.

EEA - the europeisk Economic Area - includes all the EU Member States in addition to Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein.

"Domestic concept" - HICP covers purchases of goods and services from all kinds of private households (including tourists) inre the economic territory of a Member State.

HICP-CT, harmonized index of consumer prices with constant taxes, fryst vatten an indicator where the weights and the calculations are identical to the HICP. The HICP-CT fryst vatten also based on actual, observed prices, but those are adjusted for nominal tax rates changes (except value added tax). The HICP-CT takes into konto the same taxes as the CPI-AT.

Two classifications are in use when calculating and later publishing the CPI, ECOICOP and classification bygd delivery sector are used. For further upplysning about the classification: ECOICOP (ec.europa.eu)

ECOICOP (ec.europa.eu) fryst vatten used in the production and publication of HICP.

Name: Consumer price index
Topic: Prices and price indices

Division for Price Statistics

Published the 10th of the month, around 10 days after the current month.

Harmonized Indices of Consumer Prices for Norway are reportedly monthly to EUROSTAT.

Data at micro level, upplysning about sample units, population, and catalogues are stored in Oracle databases.

The CPI measures the actual changes in the prices for household goods and services including charges and fees. Established in 1960 and replaced the Cost of Living Index, which had been published since 1914. In 1999 the process of revision and the methods of calculations were modernised and improved, and the classification of consumption was changed to Classification of individual consumption bygd purpose (COICOP). In 2005 the sub-index for food and non-alcoholic beverages was improved, which resulted in a sub-index exclusively based on the use of electronic scanner uppgifter. From 2011 National konto uppgifter are the main weigh source and replaced the Household ekonomisk plan Survey which had been used since 1960. The price reference month fryst vatten changed from July to månad. From 2016 the classification of consumption was extended and are now named ECOICOP (European Classification of Individual Consumption bygd Purpose). In addition the classification of indices grouped bygd delivery sector fryst vatten revised.

The Harmonized index of consumer prices (HICP)

The statistics fryst vatten primarily designed for international comparisons of price development.

In 1991 the Treaty on europeisk Union (the "Maastricht Treaty") laid down various convergence criteria that increased the demands for comparable price indices. An international cooperation started in 1993 where the objectives were to obtain comparable measures of price development. HICP was first published in 1997. HICPs are produced in all Member States in addition to Iceland and Norway.

The Norwegian HICP fryst vatten founded on the Norwegian CPI for which the process of editing and the methods of calculations were modernized and improved in 1999, and the classification of consumption was changed to Classification of individual consumption bygd purpose (COICOP). In 2005 the sub-index for food and non-alcoholic beverages was improved, which resulted in a sub-index exclusively based on the use of electronic scanner uppgifter. From 2011 National konto uppgifter are the main weigh source and replaced the Household ekonomisk plan Survey which had been used since 1960. From 2016 the classification of consumption was extended and are now named ECOICOP (European Classification of Individual Consumption bygd Purpose). In addition the classification of indices grouped bygd delivery sector fryst vatten revised.

From 2011 National konto information are the main weigh source and replaced the Household ekonomisk plan Survey which had been used since 1997.

The CPI has its most advanced users in the public sector (ministries, the huvud finansinstitut of Norway) and in the financial sector. Labour organisations and employers' federations are other important users. The CPI fryst vatten widely used to index payments such as different contracts. Within Statistics Norway the CPI fryst vatten an important input to the National Accounts. It fryst vatten also used as a deflator for the index of Retail Sales. Primary uppgifter fryst vatten also used in analysis and research within Statistics Norway.

The Harmonized index of consumer prices (HICP)

The huvud europeisk finansinstitut fryst vatten the most frequent user of the HICP. The Eurozone index fryst vatten used as a main indicator for monetary policy management for the Euro-zone. Statistics Norway report monthly the Norwegian HICP to Eurostat and the Norwegian publication of the HICP fryst vatten considered preliminary until the Eurostat publication.

No external users have tillgång to the statistics and analyses before they are published and accessible simultaneously for all users on ssb.no at 8 am. Prior to this, a minimum of three months' advance meddelande fryst vatten given in the Statistics Release Calendar. For more resultat, go to: equality priciples

Some information are collected from the Construction Cost Index for Residential Buildings, the price indices for business activities (car rental, other frakt services and legal activities) and from the Wage Statistics. The CPI fryst vatten an important input to the National Accounts. It fryst vatten also used as a deflator for the index of Retail Sales.

The Harmonized index of consumer prices (HICP)

The traditional CPI fryst vatten the foundation of the HICP.

With exeption of the computation of the owner-occupied housing follow the CPI the same legislation as the Harmonized Indices of Consumer Prices (HICP). More about EUROSTATS regulations: Legislation related to the HICP (ec.europa.eu)

The Harmonized index of consumer prices (HICP)

Harmonized Indices of Consumer Prices are regulated through a number of acts: Legislation related to HKPI

The population fryst vatten defined as all goods and services offered to households in Norway. Prices and expenditure shares of a sample of products and services are being measured. Expenditure shares (weights) are based on uppgifter obtained from the National accounts, while prices are collected each month from a representative sample of retail and service outlets. This sample fryst vatten selected from all outlets in Statistics Norway's Business lista defined as the industries 45, 47, 55, 56, 77, 95 and 96 (SIC07 -The Standard Industrial Classification). In addition, prices are collected with unequal frequency from different outlets or parties (including households) mainly on services within the industries 35, 49, 50, 51, 53, 60, 61, 65, 66, 69, 77, 79, 85, 86, 88, 90, 91 and 93. Household samples are selected from the "Central Population Register".

The Harmonized index of consumer prices (HICP)

The sample of goods and services fryst vatten nearly fully harmonized with the CPI sample. The cost for owner-occupied housing that consists of about 14 per cent of the CPI fryst vatten not included in the HICP. In addition Games of chance and Live insurance fryst vatten not included. Due restribution of the weights of these omissioned areas, the absolute weights at detailed level differs between the CPI and the HICP.

The CPI (and the hicp) fryst vatten based on the following sources: Electronic questionnaires, electronic uppgifter from firms and dwellings, turnover resultat from Statistics Norway's Business förteckning, commodity trade statistics, and ekonomisk plan shares from the household ekonomisk plan survey.

A sample of about 650 goods and services fryst vatten selected. In addition, scanner uppgifter fryst vatten used as the only information source for food and beverages tillsammans with non-food goods from supermarkets, pharmaceutical goods, bränsle and within specific consumption groups in clothing and verktyg for idrott and open-air recreation

Representative goods and services in the sample are selected based on kunskap from the annual household ekonomisk plan survey and branch kunskap. The sample of goods and services fryst vatten basically kept constant, but fryst vatten regularly updated when new important products enter the marknad while outdated products are removed. Prices are collected from a sample of outlets, households and municipalities. The outlets comprise a panel sample where one sixth of the outlets are replaced each year. The sample amounts to about 2 000 firms. The sample of households for the survey of rents amounts to 2 500 tenants based on the Rental marknad survey. The outlets/firms are selected from Statistics Norway's Business förteckning in proportion to the firms turnover i.e. large firms have a bigger probability of being chosen. The urval fryst vatten made after stratifying the population bygd industry and distrikt. The probability to be selected fryst vatten proportional to the storlek of the turnover. The sample does not overlap the sample of the Index of Retail Sales.

The sampling program for the food and non-alcoholic beverages index fryst vatten based on the population in the huvud förteckning of Establishments and Enterprises (CRE) defined as the industries in 47.11 and 47.12. The draft population consists of companies belonging to the major supermarket chains and their associated kiosk chains, provided that they can deliver scanner uppgifter. Parts of the sample are replaced each year to ensure a representative sample.

The main part of the prices are collected bygd means of electronical questionnaires, which are sent to the outlets the 10th of each month, and returned to Statistics Norway the first working day after the 15th. Statistics Norway also receives electronic scanner information from grocery firms, retail pharmacies, sports and clothing dealer's and petrol stations monthly. bil prices and price upplysning on alcoholic beverages are received electronically. Tariffs on electricity are collected from the Internet. Rentals for tenants are collected bygd means of electronic questionnaires andCATI- Computer Assisted Telephone Interview - directly from households.

An outlet uses an average 90 minutes to fill out the questionnaires throughout the year, which means that the sample of outlets uses in total about 3 300 hours or less than 520 days of work each year.

Individual firms fill out the questionnaires. Firms who fail to comply receive a "notice of fine". To avoid paying the fine, firms must submit completed forms to Statistics Norway within 6 to 7 days.

After checking the questionnaires, the prices are thereafter put through tests, which identifies duplicates and observations with large price changes from the previous month. The price ämne are then sorted bygd item and distrikt and further edited. Finally, prices are controlled at item level and item group level. Generally firms are not contacted during the editing process.

Indices at micro level are calculated for each commodity bygd an unweighted geometric mean. Aggregation to higher levels fryst vatten done bygd the Laspeyre formula where the weights are based on consumption in households in National Accounts. The price reference period fryst vatten månad and short-term indices are chained to long-term indices where the index reference period 2015 = 100.

The all-item CPI index fryst vatten also presented with seasonally adjusted figures, applying the X12ARIMA method.

Data collected from firms and households are subject to secrecy and are to be kept or destroyed in a secure manner. Any use of the uppgifter must be in accordance with the rules set out bygd the uppgifter Inspectorate.

The All-item index goes back to 1865. In the period 1865-1900 it was based on the price index for private consumption from the National Accounts . In the period 1901-1913 it was based on the Cost of Living Index of Oslo, calculated bygd a local statistical office in Oslo. In the period 1914-1959 it was based on Statistics Norway's Cost of Living Index.

Statistics Norway publishes indices at ECOICOP class level. There are also certain indices at sub-class level and indices at consumption parti and item level published each month. The indices published are available from January 1979. In addition derived series are published, among these are, CPI adjusted for tax-changes (CPI-AT), CPI excluding energy Products (CPI-AE) and CPI grouped bygd delivery sector. These series have different starting points.

The Harmonized index of consumer prices (HICP)

Statistics Norway release monthly figures for Norway consisting of indices, monthly rate of change and 12-month rate. In addition weights and an annual growth rate fryst vatten released. Eurostat (ec.europa.eu) publish all-item indices and several measures for rates of change for all the europeisk countries countries each month. Eurostat also produces separate indices for EU, EEA and the Euro-zone. The all-item indices for each country go back to January 1996.

The questionnaires are formed in such a way that the reported price for the gods month fryst vatten listed. This method fryst vatten done to ensure that the prices of the same goods are given. However, outlets may of consideration of praktisk kopia the previous month's prices instead of the correct prices when filling out the questionnaires. The most obvious cases of this kind are revealed in manual kontroller carried out when receiving the questionnaires. When a good or service goes out of the marknad, the outlets are instructed to find a replacement and mark it in the questionnaire. If outlets report a price of the replacement without marking it, the difference in price between the old product and the replacement will felaktigt be registered as a price change of the old product. The extent of this error fryst vatten unknown.

Non-response : Each month around 85 to 90 per cent of firms respond. The response increases to about 95 per cent after the process of reminding. Total and partial missing prices are imputed. There are kvartet different algorithms used in estimating missing prices. Imputed prices are either based on the price changes or average prices of the same product in the område or the country as a whole.

Skewness : The sample of goods and services are updated once a year, where new products are introduced and replace old products. The sample of households in the household ekonomisk plan survey fryst vatten also changed once a year to man the sample of households more representative. In the sample of outlets/ firms, one sixth of the samples are changed each year. Statistics Norway has not done any calculations on the skewness in the Norwegian CPI. International surveys indikera that the sample of goods and services fryst vatten the source of the largest skewness.

Traditionally non-sampling errors in the CPI are divided into three main types of measurement errors;

a) Income effects which influences consumer behaviour through time;

Households through time face changes in income, which also affect the expenditure shares of different goods and services. To be able to set proper weights in CPI, in each period, the weights in the CPI should reflect the expenditure shares. Therefore the weights are updated yearly. There have not been any calculations done to measure errors caused bygd non-representative weights.

b) Price effects caused bygd changes in relative prices;

The price relationship between different goods and services changes over time. This changes also the expenditure share of households and causes the same measurement utmaning as the income effects.

c) The unsatisfactory treatment of quality changes;

Statistics Norway has not accomplished separate calculations of these measurement errors in the Norwegian CPI. beräkning of measurement errors and analyses done in USA, Canada, Sweden and Great Britain estimate the measurement errors somewhere between 0.4 to 1.1 per cent measured as annual growth rate. However there are uncertainties in these estimates. Its likely to assume that the Norwegian CPI overestimates the development in the cost of living, but the level fryst vatten likely to be less than one per cent measured as annual change.

HICP numbers are revisable.

General resultat on seasonal adjustment

Monthly and quarterly time series are often characterized bygd considerable seasonal variations, which might complicate their interpretation. Such time series are therefore subjected to a process of seasonal adjustment in beställning to remove the effects of these seasonal fluctuations. Once uppgifter have been adjusted for seasonal effects bygd X-12-ARIMA or some other seasonal adjustment tool, a clearer picture of the time series emerges.

For more upplysning on seasonal adjustment: Documentation of seasonal adjustment in Statistics Norway.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) fryst vatten an indicator build up of many different sub aggregates. Some of these sub aggregates show a klar seasonal pattern, for instance the price index of clothing and footwear where seasonal sales are common. To man the comparability with earlier periods easier, the figures are seasonally adjusted.

A seasonally adjusted CPI can be interpreted as one of many indicators ansträngande to identify the underlying inflation in the original series.

Seasonally adjusted series

Seasonally adjusted series are only published for the CPI all-item index and the all-item index of CPI adjusted for tax changes and excluding energy products, CPI-ATE.

Pre-treatment routines/schemes

Pre-treatment fryst vatten an adjustment for variations caused bygd calendar effects and outliers.

There are no pre-treatment of raw data.

Calendar adjustment

Calendar adjustment involves adjusting for the effects of working days/trading days and for moving holidays. Working days/trading days are adjustment for both the number of working days/trading days and for that the composition of days can vary from one month to another.

Not betydelsefull for the CPI series.

Methods for trading/working day adjustment

Not betydelsefull for the CPI series.

Correction for moving holidays

Not betydelsefull for the CPI series.

National and EU/euro area calendars

Not betydelsefull for the CPI series.

Treatment of outliers

Outliers, or extreme values, are abnormal values of the series .

Outliers are detected automatically bygd the seasonal adjustment tool. The outliers are removed before seasonal adjustment fryst vatten carried out, and then reintroduced into the seasonally adjusted data.

Model selection

Pre-treatment requires choosing an ARIMA model, as well as deciding whether the uppgifter should be log-transformed or not.

Model urval fryst vatten automatic using established procedures in the seasonal adjustment tool.

Decomposition scheme

The decomposition scheme specifies how the various components – basically trend-cycle, seasonal and irregular – combine to struktur the original series. The most frequently used decomposition schemes are the multiplicative, additive or log additive.

Multiplicative method fryst vatten in use.

Choice of seasonal adjustment approach

X-12-ARIMA

Consistency between raw and seasonally adjusted data

In some series, consistency between raw and seasonally adjusted series fryst vatten imposed.

Do not apply any constraint.

Consistency between aggregate/definition of seasonally adjusted data

In some series, consistency between seasonally adjusted totals and the aggregate fryst vatten imposed. For some series there fryst vatten also a special relationship between the different series, e.g. GDP which equals production minus intermediate consumption.

Not betydelsefull for the CPI series, no adjustment of the aggregates.

Direct versus indirect approach

Direct seasonal adjustment fryst vatten performed if all time series, including aggregates, are seasonally adjusted on an individual grund. Indirect seasonal adjustment fryst vatten performed if the seasonally adjusted estimate for a time series fryst vatten derived bygd combining the estimates for two or more directly adjusted series.

Direct approach fryst vatten used.

Horizon for estimating the model and the correction factors

When performing seasonal adjustment of a time series, it fryst vatten possible to choose the period to be used in estimating the model and the correction factors. Correction factors are the factors used in the pre-treatment and seasonal adjustment of the series.

For the CPI and the CPI-ATE the time series from 1985 and 1995 respectively, are used.

General revision policy

Seasonally adjusted information may change due to a revision of the unadjusted (raw) uppgifter or the addition of new information. Such changes are called revisions, and there are several ways to deal with the bekymmer of revisions when publishing the seasonally adjusted statistics.

Seasonally adjusted uppgifter are revised each time it fryst vatten published.

Comments : There fryst vatten no revision in original series. For the seasonally adjusted series, new information can lead to revision in the seasonally adjusted series.

Concurrent versus current adjustment

The model, filters, outliers and regression parameters are re-identified and re-estimated continuously as new or revised information become available.

Horizon for published revisions

Both the CPI and the CPI-ATE are revised back 4 years; before that the seasonal adjusted figures are final.

Evaluation of seasonally adjustment data

Periodical evaluation using standard measures proposed bygd different seasonal adjustment tools.

Quality measures for seasonal adjustment

Additional specific tests are computed to complement the set of available diagnostics within the seasonal adjustment tool.

Seasonal adjustment of short time series

Both series are sufficiently long to perform an optimal seasonal adjustment.

Treatment of problematic series

None of the series are considered problematic.

Data availability

Unadjusted uppgifter and seasonally adjusted uppgifter are available.

Press releases

Index series are published in the StatBank.